美国物流学论文代写：旅游、环境与可持续发展
随着全球化和国际一体化的到来，旅游和旅游运动不断扩大。这种过度扩张是由于社会经济和技术的发展造成的，但是这种大规模旅游所造成的是对环境的破坏。可以说，航空旅行的需求一直在急剧增长，然而，航空部门无论如何都不能被认为是可持续的。这是因为飞机本身消耗自然资源，能够满足可持续发展的原则(Gossling, 2012)。随着人们渴望在更短的时间内迅速解决从一个地方到另一个地方的旅行问题，航空公司一直在令人担忧地扩大服务，造成环境恶化。据信，飞机引擎会释放噪音、有害气体和微粒，这些都会导致气候变化和全球变暖。二氧化碳的排放是造成环境破坏的最重要因素。尽管涡轮风扇、涡轮螺旋桨发动机、机身、空气动力学、飞行作业等技术都在减排，但二氧化碳排放并没有减少或减少，主要原因是多年来航空旅行需求的激增。飞机不仅排放二氧化碳，还向大气中排放碳氢化合物、一氧化碳、黑碳、硫氧化物、氮氧化物、铅等，造成了严重的环境污染(Johnston, 2013)。航空部门的业务对环境造成了退化，这显然意味着没有遵守可持续发展的原则。可持续发展的重要组成部分之一是环境保护，它支持执行反污染法律和其他污染控制措施。像维珍航空这样的航空公司对环境造成了空气污染，这证明航空公司没有遵循可持续发展的原则。可持续发展的另一个重要原则是环境与经济决策的整合，即航空公司等企业必须通过对环境、人类健康和社会影响的反思来做出经济和盈利决策(Kaur Sahota, 2016)。旅游业特别是航空旅游业与环境之间存在着强烈的冲突，不符合可持续发展的要求。这意味着社会福利、经济和环境没有得到有效的管理，无法平等地向现在和后代提供利益。
美国物流学论文代写：旅游、环境与可持续发展
With the advent of globalization and international integration, tourism and tourism movement have been expanding. This over-expansion has been caused due to the socioeconomic and technical development but what this mass tourism is causing is devastating for the environment. It can be said that the demand for air travel has been growing abysmally, however, the airline sector cannot be considered to be sustainable in any possible way. This is because aircraft themselves consumes natural resources and could meet the principles of sustainable development (Gössling, 2012). With people desiring for quick solutions to travel from one place to another in less possible time, airlines have been alarmingly expanding their services and creating environmental degradation. The aircraft engines are believed to emit noise, harmful gases and particulates that are responsible for causing climate changes and global warming. It is the carbon dioxide emission that forms the most significant element of the aviation’s contribution to the environmental damage. In spite of the emission reductions technologies like turbofan and turboprop engines, airframes, aerodynamics and flight operations, there is no decrease or reduction in the CO2 emissions mainly due to the upsurge in the air travel demand over the years. Aircraft not only emits carbon dioxide but also emits hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, black carbon, sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, lead etc. into the atmosphere causing substantial environmental pollution (Johnston, 2013). The operations of the airline sector have been causing degradation to the environment which evidently implies that the principles of sustainable development are not adhered to. One of the significant parts of the sustainable development is environmental protection which supports the enforcement of anti-pollution laws and other pollution control measures. The fact that airlines like Virgin Atlantic have been causing air pollution in the environment proves that the airline companies do not comply with the principles of sustainable development. Another important principle of sustainable development is the integration of environmental and economic decisions which state that companies like airline companies must make economic and profitable decisions by reflecting on the effects on the environment, human health and social impacts (Kaur Sahota, 2016). The tourism especially air tourism does not comply with sustainable development as there is a strong conflict between tourism and environment. This implies that social well-being, economy and environment are not effectively managed to impart benefits equally to the present as well as the future generations.
